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Pharmacy Clinic

Acne Vulgaris

Clinical features

More common

•        Lesions are limited to the face, shoulders, upper chest and back
•        Seborrhea (greasy skin) is often present
•        Open comedones (black heads) due to plugging by keratin and sebum of the pilosebaceous orifice
•        Closed comedones (white heads) due to accretions of sebum and keratin deeper in the pilosebaceous ducts are
always evident
•        Scarring may follow

Less common

•        Conglobate acne is severe with many abscesses and cysts
•        Acne fulminans is a type of conglobate acne accompanies by fever joint pains and a high erythrocyte
sedimentation rate
•        Excoriated acne manifests as discrete denuded areas caused by picking and is seen more often in teenage girls.
•        Exogenous acne may be caused by tars, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oils and oily cosmetics; comedones dominate
the clinical picture
•        Drug induced acne may result from treatment with corticosteroids, androgenic steroids, lithium, oral
contraceptives and anti convulsant therapy.

Severity rating for acne:

Type 1: comedones only, fewer than 10 lesions on the face, no lesions on the trunk and no scarring
Type 2: papules, 10 to 25 lesions on the face and trunk, mild scarring
Type 3: pustules, more than 25 lesions, moderate scarring
Type 4: nodules or cysts, extensive scarring

Exacerbating factors

•        Premenstrual exacerbations of acne are very common, with about 70 percent of women frequently experiencing
flare-ups of acne two to seven days before the onset of menses and gradual improvement at the beginning of the next
menstrual cycle
•        Fluctuation in progesterone levels are thought to be the cause of this cyclic pattern
•        Certain cosmetic ingredients, such as lanolins, petroleum bases, cocoa butter and pomades, can precipitate acne
development
•        Temperature and humidity also may play roles in acne development
•        Hot, humid weather stimulates sweating, which leads to keratin hydration, swelling and narrowing of the follicle
orifice, eventually resulting in duct obstruction
•        Sunlight or artificial ultraviolet light can help acne by drying and peeling the skin, but both can aggravate acne, as
well
•        Females who received phenytoin and phenobarbital develop significantly more acne (80 percent) than those who
do not receive these anticonvulsant therapies (30 percent)

For detailed information, download Powerpoint slides Acne Vulgaris PPT slides

Free Download; Acne Vulgaris PPT slides

Moayyad J.A.Al Omar
Clinical Pharmacist

www.waips.com